PERCEPTION OF DEAFNESS IN CHILDREN ...
This is deafness caused by damage of the inner ear, that is to say the labyrinthine and cochlear system and auditory nerve pathways. Note that during attacks the central nervous pathways, brain areas of the hearing, it does not occur "loss" of the hearing itself, the subject hears the sounds but it does not understand them. Diagnostic and therapeutic means necessary are not discussed in this medical information.
Of congenital deafness and / or genetic
It is the Hearing Loss The most common in children.
The isolated deafness:
These are profound bilateral deafness, non-progressive, genetic origins, which are the only disabled child. They represent about 60% of cases of profound deafness and bilateral in children.
This anomaly is "recessive", that is to say, it does not necessarily expressed in the offspring. Parents with normal hearing can be carriers of this anomaly and transmit both their child will be deaf. If the deaf child later a child with a person with hearing so much this child may have normal hearing.
Deafness associated with other anomalies as part of syndromes:
Deafness is, in these cases, associated with other anomalies (kidney, eye, thyroid ...). Include Alport syndrome, Usher syndrome, syndrome Wardenburg ...
Deafness accompanying these syndromes is bilateral and profound. It is therefore important, when an abnormality is detected hearing, to perform a complete medical check to detect other possible anomalies.
Deafness associated with a disorder occurring during pregnancy:
Approximately 1/6 of profound deafness and bilateral originate in disease occurrence during pregnancy.
Infectious diseases:
Rubella is the most common cause. Chickenpox, mumps, shingles virus or the flu, that affect the mother during pregnancy can also cause fetal disease.
Toxoplasmosis can also have adverse effects on the fetus.
The toxic origins:
Taking certain drugs during pregnancy can also affect embryonic development: antibiotics of the aminoglycoside, teratogenic drugs, quinine, anti-thyroid ...
Deafness associated with a disturbance that occurred at birth:
Again it is estimated that about one sixth of bilateral and profound deafness in children are caused by complications during childbirth.
Anorexia perinatal prematurity, birth injury can cause deafness.
The incompatibility of Rh mother / child may cause auditory bleeding and / or nerve compromise hearing and / or understanding.
Deafness due to a disease:
The infectious origins of deafness:
What are their causes?
Otitis media can spread to the inner ear. This is the case of viral origin, flow and fistula of the middle ear to the inner ear, middle ear lesion. Cholesteatoma, cyst of the middle ear, can causes deafness, dizziness, impairment of the inner ear or neurological symptoms by pressure on nerves.
In other cases there is a microbial or viral labyrinthitis. Mumps or herpes zoster ear can induce deafness.
How can we treat them?
Treatment should be early. During extension of reach of the middle ear are often used antibiotics and corticosteroids to allow regression of deafness. In cholesteatoma, emergency surgery can remove the cyst. If deafness is secondary to a viral attack general it is very often irreversible and incurable.
Deafness due to trauma:
During a physical trauma:
In head injuries, in addition to suffering from the outer ear and middle ear, there may be an alteration of the inner ear.
There are several deafness following head injury:
You can have a fracture that reaches the middle ear and inner ear. Deafness is so often unilateral, accompanied by tinnitus, vertigo ... The deafness is usually progressive because, following the initial lesions, degeneration is observed structures remaining. Tinnitus and vertigo tend to regress them.
You can have a shock wave that causes a partial or total loss of auditory function (auditory concussion). Then bilateral deafness, usually important for the treble. This hearing loss may be partially or totally regressive.
In a sound trauma:
The causes are the same as those set for acoustic trauma transmission: sudden noise, violent, barotrauma ...
Deafness of toxic origin:
Deafness due to some medicinal active principles:
Antibiotics of the aminoglycoside are known to be ototoxic in the inner ear. This toxicity is particularly important that there is a treatment or a chronic overdose. People insufficient kidney are also more exposed to this ototoxic because they eliminate the worst toxic derivatives of these drugs.
Other active ingredients have also Ototoxicity: some chemotherapy drugs (cisplatin), diuretics such as furosemide, retinoids, quinine and its derivatives ...